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General Joint Sessions and Workshops of WMSCI 2018 and its Collocated Events

July 8-11, 2018 ~ Orlando, Florida, USA

La Efectividad de Revisión por Pares (Peer Review):¿Es Posible Subirla?
Dr. Nagib Callaos, President of the International Institute of Informatics and Systemics, USA; Ex-Decano de Investigación y Desarrollo de la Universidad Simón Bolívar, Venezuela; Editor fundador en jefe del Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics.

Video
Video
Bio
Bio
Abstract
Abstract

Dr. Nagib Callaos is the founding president of the IIIS and the founding president of the Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics, and Informatics (JSCI). He is former Dean of Research and Development of the University Simon Bolivar and was the founding president of several organizations on research, development, and technological innovation, e.g. The Foundation of Research and Development of the University Simon Bolivar, the founding president of the Venezuelan Fund for Technological Innovations (created by presidential decree), The founding president of the Venezuelan Association of Executives in Patents and Copyrights, etc. His main research and professional activities were in the area of Systemic Methodologies of Information System Development, Group Decision Support Systems, and Action-Research mainly via Operations Research. He tutored more than 100 undergraduate and graduate theses and produced more than 100 research papers and reflection articles.

Related to the topic of this conversational session he has been continuously designing and redesigning (for about 35 years), via research and consulting, more effective methodologies for information/informing system development, which effectiveness depends on including ethos, pathos, and logos to the in the context of a combination of systemic and traditional systematic analysis, design, and development methodologies. A synthesis of was he has achieved in this methodological area can be found at http://www.iiis.org/nagib-callaos/Toward-Systemic-Notion-of-Methodology-Practical-Consequences.pdf. With regards to the cybernetic relationships implicitly or explicitly should exist between episteme and techne, science and engineering, in the context of their industrial and societal insertion can be found at http://www.iiis.org/nagib-callaos/engineering-and-meta-engineering/engineering-and-metaengineering.pdf.  This kind of insertion is necessary for integrating research and consulting as well as for the Ethos, Pathos and Logos of both episteme and techne, research and consulting, theory and practice, the integration of Science and Engineering/Technology. This, in turn, has strong consequences in the Ethos, Pathos and Logos in Higher Education.

El objetivo de esta ponencia es: 1) presentar de nuevo lo ya conocido desde,  al menos, el año 1982, 2) alertar sobre este grave problema que está haciendo más daño en los países en vías de desarrollo, y 3) sugerir potenciales soluciones.

Lazarus (1982), editor-en-Jefe de la American Physical Society, enfatizó que “el sistema de peer reviewing es de valor finito especialmente cuando se usa para engañar….nosotros, el Physical Review, no basamos en la honestidad y la integridad de nuestros autores, y de su propia auto-selección de la calidad de los artículos que nos envían (The American Physical Society publishes The Physical Review, Physical Review Letters and Review of Modern Physics, (p. 219) ref.  (Baez, J., 2004, The Bogdanoff Affair. http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/bogdanov.html)

En una encuesta hecha entre los miembros de la Scientific Research Society se encontró que sólo el 8% estaban de acuerdo que el peer reviewing opera bien en la forma como se viene haciendo (Chubin and Hackett , 1990, Peerless Science, Peer Review and U.S. Science Policy; NY, State University of  NY  Press.).

Entre las conclusiones que hace Weller (2001, Editorial Peer Review, its Strength and Weaknesses, Medford, New Jersey) en su libro, después de estudiar mas de 200 estudios sobre peer reviewing basados en mas de 300 revistas, afirma que las debilidades del peer reviewing son causadas por un errores de juicio que se hacen, sea intencional o inintencionalmente. Preguntar a alguien que sea voluntario para evaluar el trabajo de otro, posiblemente un competidor, por su misma naturaleza, se presta a potenciales problemas, desde la retención de un manuscrito y su no revisión hasta una revisión descuidada o comportamiento fraudulento.

En Julio del 2014 Springer Verlag y IEEE tuvieron que retirar todas las memorias que contenían 120 artículos generados al azar por un programa, después de haberlos 1) revisado por pares, 2) aceptado y 3) publicado.

¿Se ha hecho algo significativos en los 32 años que pasaron desde que Lazarus alarmó al mundo académico sobre el engaño que hay en la revisión por pares y de la carencia de valor de los procesos revisión por pares en cuanto a resolver el problema?  Es realmente sorprendente que no se hagan adecuadas investigaciones al respecto.



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